Ocean Ecosystem

In Vietnam, nowadays, Marine ocean is polluted by waste from industrial activities , agriculture and aquaculture , domestic waste. Should sediment quality , seabed habitats of many species of benthic pollution and excessive prescribed by most of the international standards ... And should implement solutions to ensure uniform protection and sustainable development of this ecosystem.

In specific, 1943s Vietnam has over 408 500 hectares of mangroves , then by 2006s only 209,741 hectares of plantations and mostly new. Mangrove loss is the loss of spawning fish species , loss of habitat for migratory waterbirds, anti- alkaline chemistry, prevent erosion and limit the harmful effects of flooding, tidal intensity.

I found some solutions maybe it can work if the government more focus or I mean concentrate that a little bit. Just need a little bit maybe it can improve. Like strengthening the construction, improvement of legal system to the rational exploitation of natural resources and protecting the environment, promoting sustainable development of marine ocean. Overcoming pollution and serious environmental degradation and enhance the control and prevention of marine pollution sources. Finally, if someone try to harm the marine ocean they have to pay for it by laws of government.

And if you keep your marine ocean clean, everybody in the world will travel to your country. From that, the finance of your country will be rich and can shared for anybody especially to you.

GENDER EQUALITY

Gender equality is the male , female position , equal role , is to create conditions and opportunities to promote their capacities for the development of community , of family . Men and women have the right to equally enjoy all aspects of political , economic , cultural , social and family.

You can image the gender equality like the picture above. For solutions, I have four factor for that, that have to be solutions for all of us. Gender equality not for especially woman, I think it's for all of us, one word, human. First solution: strengthening advocacy, education, gender issues, gender equality in the family. See the implementation of gender equality is a long-term task and requires coordination of the whole society. Since then, every good sense of the issue of gender equality in the family. Responsibility for gender equality is not only the responsibility of each individual, which is the responsibility of each family and society; is an important foundation to build families "prosperity, equality, progress and happiness". Next solution: Creating favorable conditions for each woman and self-consciously strive, free themselves; constantly trying to improve their knowledge of learning to assert the role, for their place in the family and in society. Next solution: To promote scientific education in the school systems in the world (especially secondary schools), to help teenagers aware of gender issues and gender equality a fundamental and systematic; help them aware of their responsibilities in building a future marriage. Final solution: Improving literacy levels, strengthen the role of family and gender equality. Continue to improve the legal system for gender equality. Uncompromising struggle eliminate family violence. The family is the cell of society, each member of the family to be equal, mutual respect, the social justice and civilization.

To obtain sustainable gender equality in society must start from within each family. Good implementation of gender equality in the family are effective measures to build a prosperous society, equality, progress and happiness.

Tobacco Use

Tobacco addiction is a dependence , must constantly think about smoking . Tobacco addiction is understood simply as the complete loss of freedom to say no to tobacco . Smokers can not " forget " smoking , the opposite is forced to suck if you will be feeling "hungry" drugs . Tobacco forced addicts to suck each month and even each year, to smoke even when diseases caused by tobacco : oxygen therapy for respiratory failure , leg amputation because of lower limb occlusion . Smokers appear as a result of neuropsychiatric effects due to drug induced nicotine .

And you can see the picture below show how tobacco use effect to your healthy.

Not only that, also effect to home economic and national economic.

And  tobacco kills half of its users . Half of these deaths in middle age . On an average day in the world with 10,000 people die from tobacco use , equivalent to 10 large passenger aircraft accidents each day . In Vietnam, 50% of men and 3.4% of women smoke. 26 % young people aged 15-24 smoke. Over 40% of male health workers and 1.3% of female health workers smoke. Without timely intervention , 10% of Vietnam's population of about five million means that the Vietnam will die prematurely due to smoking . According to estimates by the World Health Organization , 2020 of the Vietnam died from tobacco use will be more than the number of deaths due to HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis ,traffic accidents and suicides combined!

Based on http://247wallst.com/special-report/2012/11/01/the-countries-with-the-heaviest-smokers/2/ I found that top 10 countries where people use the most tobacco.

10. Slovakia

> Pct. adults that smoke: 30.5%
> Pct. men that smoke: 40.8% (32nd highest)
> Pct. women that smoke: 23.0% (15th highest)
> Per capita cigarette consumption: 1,403 cigarettes (23rd highest)
> Cigarette prices per pack: $3.66 (30th highest)

9. Turkey

> Pct. adults that smoke: 31.2%
> Pct. men that smoke: 47.9% (16th highest)
> Pct. women that smoke: 15.2% (31st highest)
> Per capita cigarette consumption: 1,399 cigarettes (24th highest)
> Cigarette prices per pack: $4.38 (22nd highest)
8.  Romania
> Pct. adults that smoke: 32.4%
> Pct. men that smoke: 40.3% (34th highest)
> Pct. women that smoke: 25.1% (11th highest)
> Per capita cigarette consumption: 1,404 cigarettes (22nd highest)
> Cigarette prices per pack: $3.79 (29th highest)

7. Czech Republic

> Pct. adults that smoke: 36.3%
> Pct. men that smoke:42.5% (tied for 28th highest)
> Pct. women that smoke: 30.1% (5th highest)
> Per capita cigarette consumption: 2,125 cigarettes (7th highest)
> Cigarette prices per pack: $4.33 (23rd highest)

6. Hungary
> Pct. adults that smoke: 36.5%
> Pct. men that smoke:  42.5% (tied-28th highest)
> Pct. women that smoke: 31.3% (4th highest)
> Per capita cigarette consumption: 1,518 cigarettes (18th highest)
> Cigarette prices per pack: $3.56 (32nd highest)

5. Bulgaria 

> Pct. adults that smoke: 38.8%
> Pct. men that smoke: 50.3% (10th highest)
> Pct. women that smoke: 28.2% (6th highest)
> Per capita cigarette consumption: 2,822 cigarettes (2nd highest)
> Cigarette prices per pack: $3.29 (34th highest)
4. Russian Federation 
> Pct. adults that smoke: 39.1%

> Pct. men that smoke: 60.2% (3rd highest)

> Pct. women that smoke: 21.7% (20th highest)

> Per capita cigarette consumption: 2,786 cigarettes 

(4th highest)

> Cigarette prices per pack: $1.74 (34th lowest)
3. Chile
> Pct. adults that smoke: 40.6%

> Pct. men that smoke: 44.2% (25th highest)

> Pct. women that smoke: 37.1% (3rd highest)

> Per capita cigarette consumption: 860 cigarettes (40th 

highest)

> Cigarette prices per pack: $3.80 (28th highest)

2. Papua New Guinea

> Pct. adults that smoke: 44.0%

> Pct. men that smoke: 60.3% (2nd highest)

> Pct. women that smoke: 27.0% (7th highest)

> Per capita cigarette consumption: 670 cigarettes (51st highest)

> Cigarette prices per pack: $4.86(20th highest)

1. Austria
> Pct. adults that smoke: 47.0%

> Pct. men that smoke: 48.0%(15th highest)

> Pct. women that smoke: 47.0(the highest)

> Per capita cigarette consumption: 1,650 cigarettes (15th highest)

> Cigarette prices per pack: $6.20 (14th highest)

Finally, I found some solutions : Chewing gum : gum containing nicotine replacement and descending, to help patients get rid of the symptoms caused by lack of nicotine if suddenly stopping smoking , acupuncture , traditional Medicine Drugs , exercise : ayurvedic methods , meditation , yoga psychotherapy.